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<h1 class="page">Digital仿真软件入门</h1>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="bm-first-steps"><a class="anchor" href="#bm-first-steps"></a>起步</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>第一次启动Digital仿真软件时，会自动弹出一个入门教程，引导用户一步步熟悉Digital仿真软件的基本操作。如果没有自动弹出，可从菜单项“View/视图 ➤ Start Tutorial/使用指南”调出。请跟随教程完成所有的操作。该教程的文字版见<a href="introduce-digitalsim.html#help-docu" class="xref page">帮助文档</a>的“1.2 First Steps/起步”。</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>完成该教程后，你应能回答下列问题：</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>构建电路后，如何启动仿真？</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>在仿真状态能否编辑电路或修改组件的属性？</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>仿真时亮绿色和深绿色分别表示什么状态？</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="bm-settings"><a class="anchor" href="#bm-settings"></a>软件设置</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>点击菜单项“Edit/编辑 ➤ Settings/设置”，Settings/设置对话框中的常用设置如下。</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Use IEEE 91-1984 shapes / 使用IEEE 91-1984外观</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>该选项决定使用哪种逻辑元件的图形符号。软件默认使用IEEE图形符号，如果不勾选则使用IEC 60617-12标准规定的图形符号。
可根据自己的习惯决定使用哪种风格的逻辑门形状。
由于我国推荐性国家标准GB/T 4728.12采用了IEC的标准，故建议不勾选此选项。</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>“Language/语言”下拉列表</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>选择界面语言，默认Engilsh，可选择简体中文。</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Component tree view is visible at startup / 应用启动时显示组件树</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>若勾选，则在窗口左边栏显示组件树。该选项在下次软件启动后生效。</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Show Grid / 显示栅格</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>是否在窗口中显示栅格圆点。</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Show the number of wires on a bus / 在总线上显示导线数</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>当导线的位宽大于1时，是否在导线上标注位数。</p>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_移动组件和导线"><a class="anchor" href="#_移动组件和导线"></a>移动组件和导线</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>阅读<a href="introduce-digitalsim.html#help-docu" class="xref page">帮助文档</a>的“1.3 Wires/导线”，练习移动组件和导线，删除组件或导线。完成后应能回答下列问题：</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>如何移动导线？</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>如何删除导线？</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>如何移动组件，包括其所连接的导线？</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_设置位宽属性"><a class="anchor" href="#_设置位宽属性"></a>设置位宽属性</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>每个组件都有一些可以设置的属性，可以通过在组件上点击鼠标右键打开属性窗口。在前面的<a href="#bm-first-steps">起步</a>操作中，已经通过属性窗口设置了引脚组件的标签。现在将所有组件的位宽（属性窗口中的“Data Bits / 数据位数”）设置为4位，使电路成为同时处理4位数据的异或门。</p>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="提示"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
可以框选多个组件，批量修改多个组件的数据位宽。
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>对于连接多位数据的信号线，仿真时无法用颜色反映其状态，均显示为蓝色。如果希望在导线上标注位宽，可在<a href="#bm-settings">软件设置</a>中勾选“在总线上显示导线数”，效果如<a href="#fig-ds-bw">图 1</a>所示。注意，设置后并不能立刻看到效果，要在启动仿真后才会在导线上显示位宽。</p>
</div>
<div id="fig-ds-bw" class="imageblock">
<div class="content">
<img src="_images/ds-bitwadth.png" alt="ds bitwadth">
</div>
<div class="title">图 1. 在导线上显示位宽</div>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="提示"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="title">如何输入引脚值？</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>和1位的输入引脚不同，仿真时点击多位的输入引脚，并不是直接翻转引脚值，而是会弹出一个输入窗口，在窗口中输入想要施加在该引脚的数值，该窗口还可以选择数值的显示方式（十进制、十六进制、二进制等）。</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>注意点击“Apply/应用”按钮而不是“OK/确定”按钮，这样就可以同时保持打开多个引脚的输入窗口，方便交替输入多组数据。</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_仿真过程记录及导出"><a class="anchor" href="#_仿真过程记录及导出"></a>仿真过程记录及导出</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>开始仿真后点击菜单项“Simulation/仿真 ➤ Show measurement value table / 显示测量图”，之后每当改变输入引脚的数据，图表中随之增加一步输入、输出数据的记录，如<a href="#fig-ds-rec">图 2</a>所示。</p>
</div>
<div id="fig-ds-rec" class="imageblock">
<div class="content">
<img src="_images/ds-record.png" alt="ds record">
</div>
<div class="title">图 2. 仿真过程记录</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>当完成需要的验证后，点击图表窗口的菜单项“File/文件 ➤ Save Data / 保存数据”，窗口中记录的数据将被保存为CSV文件。该文件可通过WPS等办公软件打开，用于实验报告的实验数据分析。</p>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock caution">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-caution" title="注意"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
只有已命名的引脚（设置了“Label/标签”属性）才会出现在图表窗口。
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_导出电路图"><a class="anchor" href="#_导出电路图"></a>导出电路图</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Digital仿真软件可以将电路导出为图片，用于实验报告。在导出之前，需要在电路图上添加实验名称和学号、姓名。</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>点击菜单项“Components/组件 ➤ Misc./其他 ➤ Decoration ➤ Text”，添加一个Text组件，右键点击该组件可以输入一些文本，这里输入自己的学号和姓名，学号、姓名各占一行。</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>点击菜单项“Components/组件 ➤ Misc./其他 ➤ Decoration ➤ Rectangle/矩形”，添加一个矩形虚线框，调整矩形框的大小使其将学号、姓名包含其中。右键点击该组件，在“Label/标签”属性中输入实验名称。</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>最后点击菜单项“File/文件 ➤ Export/导出 ➤ Export PNG / 导出PNG”。</p>
</div>
<div class="sidebarblock text-center">
<div class="content">
<div class="title">许可 | License</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.zh">CC BY-NC-SA：署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议</a></p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>作者：
肖铁军 &lt;<a href="mailto:xiaotiejun@foxmail.com.cn">xiaotiejun@foxmail.com.cn</a>&gt;</p>
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